First Conditional
The 1st (first) conditional sentence structure is also called the future possible/real conditional..
If I eat too much, I will get fat.
It is used to talk about a result [I’ll get fat] that is likely to happen or is almost certain to happen in the future IF the condition in the if clause [if I eat too much] occurs.
Generally, in the 1st conditional structure the if clause has a 50% or better chance of happening. If I eat too much, it’s possible that I will get fat. I may not get fat, but it’s more than likely that I will get fat if I eat too much.
Welcome to the First Conditional ...
The 1st conditional form:
If + simple present, will + verb
*Even though this sentence structure is used to talk about the future, the condition clause [If I eat too much] uses the simple present tense.
Uses of the sentence structure...
1. Possibilities
- You’ll miss the train if you don’t hurry!
- If I miss the train today, I’ll drive to work.
- I will pass my math exam if I study hard.
- If it rains, we won’t have our picnic.
- If you stay out in the rain too long, you’ll get sick!
- My mom will be angry if I’m late tonight!
2. Superstitions
- If you see a penny on the ground and pick it up, it will bring you good luck!
- If you break a mirror, you will have 7 years of bad luck!
- If you rub a rabbit’s foot, it will bring you good luck!
- If you walk under a ladder, you will have bad luck!
- You will have bad luck if you open an umbrella indoors.
3. Future plans
- If you’re going shopping today, I’ll come with you!
- If you can get me a ticket, I’ll go to the concert with you!
- If you see Ken later today, will you tell him to call me?
4. Warnings and threats
- If you don’t come to my birthday party, I’ll never speak to you again.
- If you eat too much ice cream, you’ll make yourself sick!<
- If you say that again, I will hurt you!
Variations of this sentence structure
1. The imperative can be used in the result clause.
- If you call your mother tonight, tell her I said “hello”!
Remember to buy some bananas if you go to the supermarket.
- If anyone calls for me, tell them I’m not home!
2. Modals can be used in the result clause, particularly for offers and suggestions.
- If you get a new job, you should really buy nicer clothes!
- I can get you a ticket to the Madonna concert if you want to go!
Use may or might to say that the future event is possible, but not definite.
- If you need someone to help you move, I might be able to help.
- If it’s a sunny day tomorrow, we might have a pool party.
be going to
- I’m going to buy a new car next year if I have enough money.
- If you don’t give me back my sweater right now, I’m going to scream!
Thank you for your attention!
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